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                <text>CIUS Seminar Audio Part 1 and 2.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The Institute’s third seminar was given by Dr. Myron Kuropas on "The Making and Tempering of the Ukrainian American."&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Between 1884 and 1915, the Rusin-American who emigrated to the United States with a weak ethnonational identity became a Ukrainian. This process of ethno-genesis involved three ethno-national streams which competed for the loyalty of the Rusin: the Russian stream, the Uhro- Rusin stream and the Ukrainian stream. The ethno-national identity of the Ukrainian American was tempered during a period in America which extended from 1915 to 1939. Three political ideologies competed for the loyalties of Ukrainian Americans during this era: communism, monarchism and nationalism. The role of the Ukrainian Catholic church during the period of ethno-genesis was crucial, as was the role of the Ukrainian National Association and its organ Svoboda. After 1915, a number of political organizations in America rose to the surface to take on the function of ethno-national clarification.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Found in &lt;a href="http://cius-archives.ca/items/show/1574"&gt;CIUS &lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:13px;color:#000000;font-weight:400;text-decoration:none;font-family:Arial;font-style:normal;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://cius-archives.ca/items/show/1574"&gt;Newsletter Vol 4 Issue 1 (Winter 1979)&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/span&gt;</text>
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                <text>F. Duchinski: His Impact on Ukrainian Political Thought</text>
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                <text>CIUS Seminar Audio Part 1 and 2.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Dr. Ivan L. Rudnytsky, professor of history, presented the fifth Institute seminar on 20 November. His talk was entitled "F. Duchinski: His Impact on Ukrainian Political Thought." Franciszek Duchiffeki (1817-93) was a native of the province of Kyiv. A patriotic Pole, he also possessed a strong sense of allegiance to his Ukrainian homeland. As an expatriate since 1846, he settled in Paris and became a prolific writer in Polish and French. Duchifiski advocated the idea of a perennial racial conflict between the Aryans or Indo-Europeans and the "Turanians" J he classified the Poles and the Ukrainians with the former, and Russians (whose Slavic character he denied) with the latter. Duchinski cannot be considered a sound scholar, although at times he displayed flashes of historical intuition. In the 1860s he had followers among French publicists, but this influence waned with the fall of the Second Empire and the rise of critical Slavic studies. In the early 1870s Duchinski contributed to the Galician Ukrainian press. Duchifiski 's ideas were opposed by Mykola Kostomarov and Mykhailo Drahomanov on scholarly as well as political grounds. In spite of this, the concept of a fundamental ethnic incompatibility of the Ukrainian and the Russian peoples, first formulated by Duchinski, was accepted by the Galician narodovtsi and became a permanent feature of the ideology of modern Ukrainian nationalism. A forgotten figure today, Duchinski may serve as an example of the impact which Ukrainophile Poles had in directing the Ukrainian national movement into militantly anti-Russian channels. This impact has not been sufficiently appreciated by historians.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Found in &lt;a href="http://cius-archives.ca/items/show/1574"&gt;CIUS &lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:13px;color:#000000;font-weight:400;text-decoration:none;font-family:Arial;font-style:normal;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://cius-archives.ca/items/show/1574"&gt;Newsletter Vol 4 Issue 1 (Winter 1979)&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/span&gt;</text>
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                <text> Ivan Rudnytsky</text>
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                <text>CIUS Seminar Audio Part 1 and 2.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;On 3 December the final Institute seminar of the autumn semester in Toronto was given by Dr. Wsevolod Isajiw, professor of sociology at the University of Toronto. Dr. Isajiw spoke on "Multiculturalism and the Future of Ukrainian Culture and Society in Ukraine and Canada: A Comparative Approach."&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The factors conditioning the future development of the Ukrainian community are: (1) cultural institutions, (2) those sectors of the community providing a social base for the development of institutions and (3) ideologies articulating and justifying organized activity and collective action.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In Ukraine, since the end of World War II, there has been intensive urbanization involving a large proportion of migrants from the Russian republic and a process of social mobility resulting in competition between Ukrainians and immigrating Russians. In this competition Ukrainians have been at a disadvantage, as witnessed by the numerical decline of Ukrainian together with a strengthening of Russian cultural institutions. The current dissent in Ukraine has to be understood against this background: the dissidents are an active social base defending Ukrainian institutions in the face of threat and are spokesmen who are articulating a new, human rights ideology. Their success will depend upon possible support from other important social sectors in Ukraine and on the successes of other human rights movements in the Soviet Union, especially in the Russian republic.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In Canada, migration to cities has meant a loss of Ukrainian language, but not necessarily a complete loss of identity. Different sectors in the Ukrainian community have different orientations toward retention of Ukrainian cultural institutions. Six definitions of multiculturalism as an ideology can be distinguished; different sectors of the community provide the social base for each definition. Two such definitions reflect those who stress retention of Ukrainian institutions as they have been and those who emphasize development. Unlike in Ukraine, retention of Ukrainian identity in Canada will depend on creative development of Ukrainian culture in the context of general Canadian institutions and on further development of Ukrainian "elites" in the context of society as a whole rather than in the ethnic group alone.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Found in &lt;a href="http://cius-archives.ca/items/show/1574"&gt;CIUS &lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:13px;color:#000000;font-weight:400;text-decoration:none;font-family:Arial;font-style:normal;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://cius-archives.ca/items/show/1574"&gt;Newsletter Vol 4 Issue 1 (Winter 1979)&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/span&gt;</text>
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                <text>Wsevolod Isajiw</text>
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                <text>The 41st annual Shevchenko Lecture, co-sponsored by CIUS and the Ukrainian Professional and Business Club of Edmonton, was delivered on 30 March 2007 by Dr. Peter J. Potichnyj, a leading authority on Ukrainian wartime insurgency, who spoke on “The Ukrainian Insurgent Army (UPA): What Have We Learned 65 Years after Its Founding?”&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In his lecture Dr. Potichnyj addressed some of the key controversies surrounding the UPA. The first concerns the common practice of conflating the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists (OUN), especially the faction led by Stepan Bandera (OUN-B), with the UPA, giving rise to the joint acronym OUN-UPA. Professor Potichnyj pointed out that this hyphenated designation was first used by Soviet security organs to discredit the UPA by linking it with the OUNs integral-nationalist ideology of the 1930s. While acknowledging the important role played by OUN members in the UPA, Dr. Potichnyj stressed that the latter was subordinate to the Supreme Ukrainian Liberation Council (Ukrains'ka Holovna Vyzvol'na Rada), an underground governing body more broadly based than the OUN-B. The second controversy concerns estimates of the number of people involved in the UPA and underground activities generally. The Soviet-sponsored image of the UPA as a collection of undisciplined bands of gangsters has fuelled the third controversy. Here, Professor Potichnyj stressed the UPAs resemblance to a regular army, noting Soviet efforts to create armed groups that looked like UPA units and imitated them. Professor Potichnyj also discussed controversies related to ideology, concluding that the ideology of the UPA was based largely on the democratic wartime writings of Osyp Diakiv (Hornovy), P. Poltava (Fedun), and others, not on the integral nationalist ideas of Dmytro Dontsov, who came to prominence between the wars. Professor Potichnyj also discussed the Polish-Ukrainian conflict, stressing its long history and suggesting that land hunger was partly to blame for the ferocity of the struggle and the involvement of peasants in the Volhynian tragedy of 1943, when many Polish civilians were slaughtered. Other factors included plans to incorporate Volhynia into Poland, German and Soviet meddling, and the inability of Polish and Ukrainian underground leaders to reach an understanding. With regard to the Holocaust, Dr. Potichnyj noted that although the Ukrainian populace was aware of the mass murder of Jews in Ukraine, there is no documentary evidence to support the assumption that the UPA welcomed or supported it. The greatest failure of the Ukrainian underground leadership, however, was that it did not issue condemnations or proclamations of concern. Dr. Potichnyj also pointed out that he knew of no instance of Jewish leaders attempting to contact the Ukrainian underground leadership.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;During the lecture and in the question period, the guest speaker drew on his own wartime experiences. Dr. Potichnyj, who comes from the village of Pawlokoma (Pavlokoma) near Przemysl (Peremyshl), now in Poland, became a guerrilla soldier at the age of fourteen after the mass killing of his fellow villagers by Polish Home Army (Armia Krajowa) soldiers in March 1945. Dr. Potichnyj served in the UPA until 10 September 1947, when the remnant of his company (36 soldiers), led by Mykhailo Duda (Hromenko), crossed from Soviet-occupied Austria to the US-controlled zone of Germany. He earned his Ph.D. in political science from Columbia University in 1966 and began his academic career that year as professor of political science at McMaster University in Hamilton, Ontario. He retired in 1995.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Throughout his career, Dr. Potichnyj has had a particular interest in relations between Ukrainians and their neighbours. He organized scholarly conferences on this subject that resulted in the publication of the following books by CIUS Press, which he edited or co-edited: Poland and Ukraine: Past and Present (1980); Ukrainian-Jewish Relations in Historical Perspective (1988); and Ukraine and Russia in Their Historical Encounter (1992).&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Since 1975 Dr. Potichnyj has served as editor-in-chief of the documentary series Litopys UPA, of which 61 volumes have been published to date. He is co-editor of Political Thought of the Ukrainian Underground: 1943-1951 (Edmonton, 1986), published by CIUS Press. He is also the author of a documentary history of his native village, Pavlokoma, 1441-1945: istoriiasela (Lviv and Toronto, 2001.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Found in &lt;a href="http://cius-archives.ca/items/show/1614"&gt;CIUS &lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:13px;color:#000000;font-weight:400;text-decoration:none;font-family:Arial;font-style:normal;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://cius-archives.ca/items/show/1614"&gt;Newsletter 2007&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/span&gt;</text>
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                <text>Peter Potichnyj</text>
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                <text>CIUS seminar audio.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Tatiana Tairova-Yakovleva from the Department of History and Ukrainian Studies Centre at St. Petersburg University, Russian Federation speaks on “Ukrainian Sources in Russian Archives on Ivan Mazepa.” Dr. Tairova-Yakovleva also discussed her recent publications, Getman Ivan Mazepa: Dokumenty iz arkhivnykh sobranii Sankt-Peterburga, vyp.l (St. Petersburg, 2007), and Mazepa (Moscow, 2007).&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Found in &lt;a href="http://cius-archives.ca/items/show/1614"&gt;CIUS &lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:13px;color:#000000;font-weight:400;text-decoration:none;font-family:Arial;font-style:normal;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://cius-archives.ca/items/show/1614"&gt;Newsletter 2007&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/span&gt;</text>
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