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                <text>CIUS Seminar Audio Part 1 and 2. Part 2 audio begins at &lt;span style="font-size:13px;color:#000000;font-weight:400;text-decoration:none;font-family:Arial;font-style:normal;"&gt;4:45.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The seminar, "The Methodist Church and Ukrainians in Canada, 1901-1925: A Study in Assimilation Policy," was given by Vivian Olender on October 23. Anglo-Celtic Canadians at the turn of the twentieth century believed Canada should develop as a homogeneous, white Anglo-Saxon and Protestant (WASP) nation; the concept of a pluralistic and multicultural society was incomprehensible. Ukrainian immigrants, in particular, were treated as members of an inferior race and culture. During this period Canadian Methodists believed WASP culture to be the Christian culture, and their church to be Church of Christ . Thus religious sanction was given to both the superiority of WASP culture and the prevailing prejudice against Ukrainians. In Methodist literature of the period, Ukrainians are described as "dirty, unkempt, and unlettered children." Ukrainians are similar in appearance to Anglo-Celts but "most of them are shorter and stouter and maybe more dark faces." They also wear a "strange attire of innumerable layers" so that it is difficult to distinguish the men from the women.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;An extensive programme of home missions was established in Ukrainian bloc settlements on the prairies to preach the gospel of salvation by assimilation and adoption of WASP, middle-class values. Methodists concentrated on the Ukrainians because they belonged to the inferior Slavic race and were members of a decadent church. Second, Ukrainians immigrated in large numbers and were highly visible in their traditional peasant clothes. Third and most important, Ukrainians settled in large bloc colonies which hindered assimilation. Methodists were concerned that the unassimilated Ukrainians would use the power of their vote to bring Canada down to the Ukrainian level.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Converts who joined the Methodist church were alienated from their fellow Ukrainians because they were compelled to accept the WASP lifestyle and with it, a condemnation of Ukrainian culture. Ukrainians considered these individuals to be traitors. Ironically, the main result of the Methodist home mission programme was to reinforce the identification of Ukrainian ethnicity with the Ukrainian Catholic or Orthodox churches.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Found in &lt;a href="http://cius-archives.ca/items/show/1571"&gt;CIUS &lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:13px;color:#000000;font-weight:400;text-decoration:none;font-family:Arial;font-style:normal;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://cius-archives.ca/items/show/1571"&gt;Newsletter Vol 3 Issue 1 (Winter 1978)&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/span&gt;</text>
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                <text>CIUS Seminar Audio Part 1 and 2. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Professor Isajiw, of the Department of Sociology, University of Toronto, presented a seminar on February 9 entitled "Class and Ethnicity in the Ukrainian Group in Canada." It elaborated on a theme discussed earlier at a seminar in Edmonton.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Professor Isajiw' s presentation centered on the question of whether class or ethnicity is more important in explaining the behaviour of an ethnic group. Professor Isajiw outlined the economic-occupational history of Ukrainians in Canada, based on official censuses. Although there has been a large and rapid decrease in the number of Ukrainians occupied in farming, Ukrainians still remain comparatively underrepresented in white collar occupations and trail behind the general labor force and most other ethnic groups, including other Slavs, in level of education and average income. The social standing of Ukrainians, as viewed subjectively by others, is quite low—in the same category as Mediterranean, Central European, and other East European immigrants.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;This could be attributed to the class background and occupations of the first Ukrainian immigrants. Before World War II, the peasants from western Ukraine were funnelled into farming and unskilled jobs. Their maintenance of traditional values delayed social mobility. Not until after World War II, when Ukrainians with a higher level of education arrived, did the social composition of Ukrainians become differentiated. However due to their lack of knowledge of English, the absence of an employment placement network, and because the pre-war Ukrainian immigrants were still low on the occupational scale, the latest immigrants suffered a process of declassing; their jobs rarely reflected their educational backgrounds.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The government lacked institutions which could absorb immigrant talents. Hence, the declassed immigrants entered existing ethnic organizations, imposing new cultural values on them. A class phenomenon, it was an attempt to maintain the status and prestige they had possessed in Ukraine. The emigre organizations acted as vehicles for social mobility, especially for those former peasants whose status had risen as a result of political participation. These organizations, aimed at cultural ethnic preservation and not entrance into Canadian society, articulated group rather than individual values. A result of the ethnic structure in Ukraine, where Ukrainian ethnicity has always been "under seige," they overemphasized ethnicity as a means of cultural perpetuation among Ukrainians more so than other ethnic groups. Language was crucial in distinguishing the Ukrainians from Poles or Russians. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The speaker concluded that to explain the socio-economic situation of Ukrainians in Canada one must use both the concepts of class (power, prestige, wealth) and ethnicity (ancestry, culture, value, customs, socialization).&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Found in &lt;a href="http://cius-archives.ca/items/show/1568"&gt;CIUS &lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:13px;color:#000000;font-weight:400;text-decoration:none;font-family:Arial;font-style:normal;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://cius-archives.ca/items/show/1568"&gt;Newsletters Vol 2 Issue 3 (Winter 1978)&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/span&gt;</text>
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                <text>Wsevolod Isajiw</text>
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                  <text>Схід-Захід: Історико-культурологічний збірник. – Випуск 13-14. – Історична пам’ять і тоталітаризм: досвід Центрально-Східної Європи / За редакції Володимира Кравченка. – Харків: ТОВ «НТМТ», 2009.</text>
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                <text>CIUS Seminar Audio Part 1 and 2.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Using census and statistical material from W. Darcovich and P. Yuzyk (eds.), "Statistical Compendium on Ukrainian Canadians, 1891-1977" and material from a survey of historical and sociological literature, the first seminar in the Institute's series at the University of Toronto provided a social and demographic framework for the study of Ukrainian-Canadian women. The paper entitled, "The Changing Status of Ukrainian-Canadian Women," outlined some basic social characteristics of Ukrainian-Canadian women from 1921 to 1971. The data examined included periods of immigration, regional distribution, urban-rural distribution, country of birth, and age distribution. The paper discussed the participation of Ukrainian- Canadian women in the paid work force, and particularly women's changing occupational patterns. / According to the 1971 census, the overwhelming majority of Ukrainian-Canadian women were Canadian-born and approximated the overall Canadian female urban-rural distribution. An approximation to Canadian norms was also found in occupational and educational patterns. In 1921, on the other hand, Ukrainian-Canadian women were grossly over represented in the educational category "illiterate" and the occupational categories "agriculture and service." In 1971, they were still slightly over represented in the category of those with only elementary education. In occupational categories Ukrainian-Canadian women were still slightly overrepresented in the service and agricultural categories. / The paper suggested that the patterns of occupational and educational change were primarily explained by socio-economic changes in society which affected the participation of all women in the work force. Factors such as the growth of the "clerical" as opposed to the "service" sector and the sex-segregation of jobs were discussed. Provisional explanations for the social patterns among Ukrainian-Canadian women discussed the role of ethnic discrimination, the specific historical experience of Ukrainian Canadians, and Ukrainian-Canadian socialization.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Found in &lt;a href="http://cius-archives.ca/items/show/1571"&gt;CIUS &lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-size:13px;color:#000000;font-weight:400;text-decoration:none;font-family:Arial;font-style:normal;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://cius-archives.ca/items/show/1571"&gt;Newsletter Vol 3 Issue 1 (Winter 1978)&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/span&gt;</text>
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                <text>Marusia Petryshyn</text>
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                  <text>Схід-Захід: Історико-культурологічний збірник. – Випуск 8: Спеціальне видання: Порубіжжя / За редакції Володимира Кравченка. – Харків; Київ: Критика, 2006. </text>
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                  <text>&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Відомості про авторів&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt; &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ніколай Вахтін&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;  – доктор філологічних наук, професор, ректор Європейського університету в Санкт-Петербурзі.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt; &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Іоанна Гетка&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;– докторантка кафедри міжцивілізаційних досліджень Середньо-Східної Європи Варшавського університету.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt; &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Гелінада Грінченко&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;– кандидат історичних наук, докторант кафедри українознавства Харківського національного університету ім. В. Н. Каразіна.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt; &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Андрій Домановський&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;– доцент кафедри українознавства Харківського національного університету ім. В. Н. Каразіна.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt; &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Оксана Жиронкіна&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;– керівник Інформаційно-аналітичної групи Європейського університету в Санкт-Петербурзі.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt; &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Тетяна Журженко&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;– кандидат філософських наук, доцент кафедри теоретичної та практичної філософії Харківського національного університету ім.  В.  Н. Каразіна.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt; &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Галина Карнаушенко&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;– кандидат філологічних наук, доцент кафедри російської мови Харківського національного університету ім.  В.  Н. Каразіна.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt; &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Валерія Колосова&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;– кандидат філологічних наук, відповідальний секретар журналу “Антропологический форум” (Санкт-Петербург).&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt; &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ольга Коновалова&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;– слухач факультету етнології Європейського гуманітарного університету в Санкт-Петербурзі.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt; &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Жанна Корміна&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;– кандидат культурології, завідувач кафедри гуманітарних наук Санкт-Петербурзького філіалу Державного університету – Вища школа економіки.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt; &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Володимир Кравченко&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;– доктор історичних наук, професор, завідувач кафедри українознавства Харківського національного університету ім.  В.  Н. Каразіна.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt; &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Олександр Лисенко&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;– доктор історичних наук, завідувач відділу історії України періоду Другої світової війни Інституту історії НАН України.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt; &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Марія Луцевич&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;– магістрантка кафедри полоністики Варшавського університету.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt; &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Катерина Мельникова&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;– кандидат історичних наук, голова Центру усної історії Європейського університету в Санкт-Петербурзі.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt; &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Іван Мітін&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;– науковий співробітник сектора гуманітарної географії Російської НДІ культурної і природної спадщини ім. Д. С. Лихачова (м. Москва). &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt; &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Олексій Мусієздов&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;– кандидат соціологічних наук, доцент кафедри соціології Харківського національного університету ім.  В.  Н. Каразіна.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt; &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ірина Олюніна&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;– аспірантка історичного факультету Білоруського державного університету.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt; &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Володимир Петровський&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;– доктор історичних наук, професор кафедри історіографії, джерелознавства та археології Харківського національного університету ім. В. Н. Каразіна.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt; &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Катерина Романова&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;– кандидат історичних наук, співробітник навчально-консалтингового Центру  інвестиційного менеджменту (м. Київ).&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt; &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Тетяна Сабурова&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;– кандидат історичних наук, доцент кафедри вітчизняної історії Омського державного педагогічного університету.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt; &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Валерій Семененко&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;– кандидат історичних наук, професор кафедри українознавства Харківського національного університету ім.  В.  Н. Каразіна.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt; &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Лідія Стародубцева&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;– доктор філософських наук, професор кафедри культурології Харківської державної академії культури.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt; &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Олена Титар&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;– кандидат філософських наук, доцент кафедри теорії культури та філософії Харківського національного університету ім.  В.  Н. Каразіна.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt; &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Беньямін Циман (Benjamin Zeimann)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;– PhD, Lecturer in Modern History, University of Sheffield, Department of History.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;  &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Олексій Чекаль&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;– аспірант кафедри мистецтвознавства Харківської державної академії дизайну та мистецтва.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt; &lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Дмитро Чорний&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;– кандидат історичних наук, доцент кафедри українознавства Харківського національного університету ім.  В.  Н. Каразіна.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;  &lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Михайло Чугуєнко&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;– кандидат історичних наук, доцент Харківського національного університету ім.  В.  Н. Каразіна.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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&#13;
The maps of the atlas are based on the official censuses of 1897, 1926, 1959, 1970, 1979, and 1989. The principle of defining nationality in terms of self-identification was the one used by Soviet census takers. However, under a totalitarian regime, these censuses did not always establish the true numbers of national groups. Multi-faceted programs of research and analysis are required to refine Soviet census data in order to determine the ethnic composition of the former USSR more accurately. See Ukrainians: World Distribution map in the Encyclopedia of Ukraine.</text>
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                <text>VSEVOLOD NAULKO&#13;
IHOR VYNNYCHENKO&#13;
ROSTYSLAV SOSSA&#13;
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Ttranslated by Serge Cipko&#13;
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